An Analysis Of Contextual Developments During High School...

How to Develop a Geek: An Analysis of Contextual Developments During High School Adolescence Human development does not occur in a vacuum and is affected by variation in people on multiple levels such as the style of parenting that they were raised with, socioeconomic status, and peer influence. Three major classifications of variation for human development are biological, cognitive, and socioemotional. By analyzing the interactions of these variations between people and their responses when presented with varying situations, developmental psychologists can see what causes people to act the way they do. Critically acclaimed television show Freaks and Geeks, features a high school freshman named Sam who is a geek (Feig, P. Lin, P., 2000). In the show, Sam’s freshman year presents many different struggles as he develops in a 1980s suburb. This paper explores the biological, cognitive, and socioemotional development of Sam in the episode ‘Girlfriends and Boyfriends’, along with the associated developmental context in an analysis concerning the development o f Sam as an adolescent. Approaches to Development Biological Development The average age of which adolescents are beginning puberty has decreased in the last century by roughly one year every generation (Lester, 2016). The current average age for boys to begin puberty is around 12 years old (Kuther, 2017). For boys, the beginning of puberty is externally marked by growth in muscles and height and the development of hair inShow MoreRelatedEffects Of Depression On Adolescents And Adolescents1687 Words   |  7 Pageswere 80 high school participants and 52 middle school participants. All participants were chosen randomly across the United States. The data that was collected was conducted in 4 waves. Each wave was re-conducted ranging from 1994-2009. It was shown throughout the research that participants who were depressed or had a disorder had partners who had similar disorders or depression as an adolescent. An article titles Peer Selecting and Socialization in Adolescent Depression: The Role of School TransitionsRead MoreThe Self Esteem Of Adolescent Females Through Delving Into And Reconnoitering Essay1587 Words   |  7 Pagesare as people starts in adolescence (Arnett, 2013). Usually personality and self-esteem conflict is often challenged at an increased rate in females in the midst of this period of transition (McNeely Blanchard, 2010). By definition we are designing a group proposal to develop and expand the self-esteem in adolescent females through delving into and reconnoitering the numerous facets of one’s identity and educating and incorporating new abilities in the course of development. This proposal will deliverRead MoreQuestions On 15 Stress Elements1576 Words   |  7 Pagesmost common social support element. Girls also demonstrated higher stress than boys in the group among pre adolescents but among adolescents, boys demonstrated higher average stress. Girls s ought out more support elements in both in pre adolescence and adolescence. Among the two different large age groups, pre adolescents as a whole were found to have higher levels of levels of stress than adolescents. Although these results do reveal that moving causes stress among adolescents and younger age groupsRead MoreThe Theory Of Developmental Psychology1644 Words   |  7 Pagesexpanded to help the adolescence and adults just as well. Paul B. Baltes, has apply the six principles of human development, lifelong, multidimensional, multidirectional, gains and losses, contextual and historical, and multidisciplinary. There are several fields of developmental psychology like Adolescence, Attachment, Cognitive development, Education, and Parenting that will be address. Developmental psychology also examines the nature and nurture of our human development change, by the studiesRead MoreChildrens Emotional and Behavioral Effects of Martial Conflict1894 Words   |  8 PagesViolence and Children’s Emotional and Behavioral Effects Exposure to marital conflict and violence is linked with negative emotional and behavioral problems among children. It is well established that the effects are unfortunate in children’s development. Internalizing (emotional) and externalizing (behavioral) symptoms are common for children who come from homes with marital conflict and violence. Along with both symptoms poor academic conduct is also huge issue. Emery (1982, cited in GlaserRead MoreIs Autism A Developmental Disorder? Essay1619 Words   |  7 PagesExploring Autism in Children Rutgers University Atypical Adolescence and Development Professor. Stevie McKenna November 2nd, 2016 Autism Abstract Autism is a developmental disorder in which an individual has problems with communication and interaction. Autism Spectrum Disorder was adopted as a categorization in 2013 and begins in childhood and follows throughout the course of a child’s life and is actually a collection of developmental brain disorders. There isRead MoreHigh Tech Or High Risk : Moral Panics2053 Words   |  9 Pagesmore often than not have strong opinions, especially when it comes to the safety of girls. By looking at gender through the socio-cultural lens, it permits us to view young people in a contextual way that creates moral panics and discourses. According to Justine Cassell and Meg Cramer’s article ‘High Tech or High Risk: Moral Panics about Girls Online’, moral panics about how girls use the web as a means of communication is a case that has existed for many years. Their reasoning attracts parallelsRead MoreThe Social Information Processing Model1751 Words   |  8 Pages Rennison and Welchan (2000) found that young women within the ages of 16 and 24 account for the highest rates of IPV when compared to any other cohort. Research by Halpern, Oslak, Young, Martin, and Kupper (2001) found that 32% of adolescents in school report some kind of partner abuse. Campbell et al., 2002; Coker et al., 2002; Goodwin et al., 2000; Hathaway et al., 2000; Plichta and Falik, 2001; Silverman, Raj, Mucci and Hathaway, 2001; Smith, Thornton, DeVellis, Earp and Coker, 2002; and WeinbaumRead MoreBinge Drinking in the College Culture: Identifying Causes, Consequences, Potential Treatment Approaches1775 Words   |  7 Pa gesBinge drinking has been synonymous with typical young adult college culture for decades. Fillmore and Jude (2011) reported that binge drinking is often defined as someone drinking four to five drinks during one episode of drinking, or consuming enough alcohol for a person to have a blood alcohol concentration of .08% or higher. In this paper, I will define college culture as an exclusive group, with differing needs and attitudes from society, provide statistics and college cultural practices thatRead MoreThe Family Of A Single Parent Family2262 Words   |  10 Pageschildren in single- parent families vary greatly by ethnicity. However, in all ethnicities, more children live in single-mother than single-father families.In the book, Middle Childhood Development, A Contextual Approach, authors Mary Jo Zembar and Libby Balter Blume, argue that research has consistently found that school-age children raised inâ€Å"nontraditional† families (divorced, single-parent, cohabit ing, gay and lesbian, or adoptive families) typically have successful developmental outcomes. (Pg.286)

Influences on Huck in Mark Twains Adventures of...

Influences on Huck in Mark Twains Adventures of Huckleberyy Finn Throughout the incident on pages 66-69 in Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Huck fights with two distinct voices. One is siding with society, saying Huck should turn Jim in, and the other is seeing the wrong in turning his friend in, not viewing Jim as a slave. Twain wants the reader to see the moral dilemmas Huck is going through, and what slavery ideology can do to an innocent like Huck. Huck does not consciously think about Jims impending freedom until Jim himself starts to get excited about the idea. The reader sees Hucks first objection to Jim gaining his freedom on page 66, when Huck says, Well, I can tell you it made me all over trembly and feverish, too, to†¦show more content†¦Huck always disliked Miss Watson, but now that this society voice plays a part in Huck?s judgment his views are changed. This society views allows Huck to see Jim, a friend, only as a slave and Miss Watson, almost a foe in his young views, as a dear friend. Twain is showing the reader the gross injustices of slavery in this little incident, as well as his moral opposition to slavery. Twain wants the reader to see how slavery ideology changed people, even those who didn?t understand it fully. Twain wants the reader to see how unfair slavery was in how it could even change Huck?s thinking, whom the reader had never before seen voice ill conceptions about black people. When Huck?s mind can be so radically changed to such opposing ideas and morals, the reader sees these horrors plainly and knows Twain?s opposition to slavery is right. Twain does not let the reader thing badly of Huck for very long, though, having Huck?s true voice shine out by the end of the confrontation. By page 67 Huck is almost loathing to go and turn Jim in, seeing the act as an obligation rather than a moral right. He says, Well, I just felt sick. But I says, I got to do it-I can?t get out of it. Twain wants the reader to see Huck?s change in judgment. The reader is able to see Huck?s newfound reluctance, brought on by Jim?s words of appreciation. These words bring Huck back to the realization that Jim is a friend, not property. And

Analyst Apple 4ps Free Essays

string(281) " PC industry and hence Porter’s model will help us to find out about: Competitive Rivalry Competitive rivalry for Apple is very high as it is a competition among the big companies and it is fierce as everyone is aiming at a larger market share, intensive price cuts and changes\." Analysis, segmentation and marketing mix of Apple Introduction The aim of this report is to analyse the current position of the company which includes the products, current strategic position, and current financial strength. Different types of marketing tools are used in this report. PEST analysis and Porter’s five force model for looking into the external environment. We will write a custom essay sample on Analyst Apple 4ps or any similar topic only for you Order Now SWOT analysis for looking into the internal environment of the organization. This report also looks into market segmentation and the marketing mix of the product. Apple was first introduced by Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Ronald Wayne on April 1, 1976 to market and sell the Apple personal computer kit. The first computer kits were hand built and was kept for a public display first at the homebrew computer lab. This computer kit consisted of Motherboard with RAM, CPU, and some video chips. Since then apple have come a long way in the market all over the world and they are one of the leading companies in electronic products. This can be known with the information given below: Current Strategic Position Apple believes in continuous improvement and they look into all the key sectors like environment, health and safety management systems and the quality of our products, processes and services. Looking into the Principle and goals of Apple, Apple has set out their own principles where they look to meet all the health and safety requirements, promote energy efficiency, and their main goals are; innovation is the most important thing for apple, to increase the number of sales of the product in the education field, providing new and user friendly software for the customers, and last but not the least providing high quality products to the customers. Looking into the current strategic position of Apple, with the introduction of its own operating system, hardware, software application, and with a completely new design, Apple looks to meet all the customer requirements like new products, ease of use, and an innovative design of the product. Apple is currently focusing on, brand awareness and improving the product by increasing the financial investment on marketing and advertisement, they are looking at expanding the retail segment by opening more number of stores all over the world, they are looking at keeping it up with the competition by mplementing a cost leadership strategy, and they are looking to continue the reputation of being the leader in innovation for new technology by implementing product differentiation strategy. Looking into the current finance position of Apple, on October 19, 2009 Apple announced the financial results for the year 2009. The company posted revenue of $9. 87 billion and a net quarterly profit of $1. 67 billion. These results can be compared to the revenue of $7. 9 billion and net quarterly profit of $1. 14 billion in the previous year quarter. International sales also helped 46% of the quarter’s revenue. Gross margin is 36. 6% when compared to the previous year quarter which was 34. 7%. Apple reached 17% increase when compared to the previous year quarter by successfully selling 3. 05 million Mac computers during the quarter. PEST analysis and Porter’s five forces are very important tools to establish the external environment of Apple: PEST Analysis Political Factors Different countries have different rules and regulations which can act as a positive or a negative barrier which can result in restricting the companies or lend opportunities to the company. Good thing for Apple is NAFTA, European Union and other regional trade open doors so that the company can have a wider market in Europe, Asia, Latin, and America which can offer enormous potential to the company. Beatles lawsuit against Apple can affect the reputation of the company in a negative way. There is a direct impact on the overall business of the company (Apple) due to the political uncertainties caused by terrorism. Apple relies on the government to give a grant and intellectual property obtained from third parties. Economic Factors Apple has been affected in the last year by the slow economic and that resulted in low consumer spending. However the current economy shows consumer spending, some amount of improvement, and investment might increase as well. In US due to the weak economic condition the educational segment is encountering a large loss in many states. Hence this has caused a negative impact over the Apple’s sales in the educational segment. With respect to sales of product Apple having a worldwide market can be affected by currency exchange rate and by international trade regulations as they obtain the components of the product from foreign suppliers. Social Factors Apple have designed their own computers and their own software’s which will help this generation as the computer and internet usage is rapidly growing worldwide. With the introduction of Mac people have more information, gain more knowledge about different types of computers and becomes a good source of opportunities for the Apple computer industry. Education has become the primary issue for the new generation which is a key factor for the company’s business. Social factors also include internet revolution, shopping online, Brand awareness of the company. Technological Factors Technology is experiencing a rapid boom in this generation, and people appreciate more and more innovative changes in their systems and are switching over to the new information appliances and Apple have been successful in providing new appliances. There is a rapid growth in the usage of the internet which is also a good opportunity for the company. The traditional desktop is becoming outdated with new products coming into the market like Mac laptops. This new technology can be used in schools, collages, and by professionals as they will be able to gain the more knowledge and this in turn increases the demand of the product. Porter’s five forces Porter’s five forces model is an excellent model to use to analyze a particular environment of an industry. In this report we are entering the PC industry and hence Porter’s model will help us to find out about: Competitive Rivalry Competitive rivalry for Apple is very high as it is a competition among the big companies and it is fierce as everyone is aiming at a larger market share, intensive price cuts and changes. You read "Analyst Apple 4ps" in category "Papers" PCs are differentiated as hardware / software configurations. Competition is mainly based one cost. The main competitor for Apple is Microsoft. Microsoft also has their own operating system but is providing it to the customers in a very cheap price when compared to Apple. Hence I can say that there is a fierce price competition. Bargaining Power of suppliers. (Low) Looking into Apple, the company is highly dependent on component suppliers. If the supplier wants to increase his profits he can put pressure on the market by supplying the components at a higher price. Apple is running at a higher risk than other as they are working with only few selected suppliers. Bargaining Power of customers. Low) In the PC world there is high number of suppliers in the industry and Apple being a part of it, has its product price higher than the other company products. Hence there will be lot of options for the customers to buy the cheapest and the best product. Threats of substitutes. (Low) In the present generation PCs represent 90% of the market share as they have multiple configurations, performance and price ranges. Looking into Apple th ey have their own operating system called as Mac and there is no product competing in the market. Threat of new entry. In the world of PCs any company that has a new technology that is efficient in terms of price and performance is considered as a threat to the industry. Looking into Apple there is no threats from any new entrants as there is no product competing in the market. Apple has a very good brand image and it will be very difficult for the new entrants to pose a threat to the company. SWOT analysis is also a very important tool which will help in establishing the internal environment of Apple: SWOT Analysis SWOT analysis is a market tool which helps to understand the strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats in a business. During the strategic planning process the most commonly used tool is SWOT. STRENGTHS: Corporate reputation is high. Apple manufactures have their own product and their own operating system hence they have a good control over the product. Leader in innovation and product differentiation. Apple has a very good strategic alliance with HP. Creativity style. WEAKNESSES: Apple has set high prices on their products. Apple has high inventory in their products. Apple has problems in distribution of their products. Apple has too many product lines. OPPORTUNITIES: Demand for innovation. Internet. Growing industry. Employee benefit programme. Opportunity to create a new software markets and selling the hardware in those markets. THREATS: There is fierce competition among the PC industry. Loss of market share. Price competition. Increase in supply’s costs. Market Segmentation The market segmentation includes: Demographical bases. Geographical bases. Behavior bases. Psychographic bases. 2. 1 Demographical bases (age, family size, life cycle, occupation) Looking into Apple, the Demographical market segment is successful because they are developing products on the age, life cycle, occupation of the people. They are distributing their products into various places and the PCs are categorized on age, family size, for example they would have more games and entertainment in the PCs for the kids and a professional PC with all the latest software’s. 2. 2 Geographical bases (states, regions, countries) Looking into the geographical bases of Apple they have established their business all over the world like U. S. , South America, Europe, Japan, and Australia. Recently Apple chose to implement a vertical growth strategy and began expanding their own retail stores. The company also sells its product via third-parties dealers, or via internet through their own website or through the iTunes online music stores. 2. 3 Behavior bases (product knowledge, usage, attitudes, and responses) In this market segment Apple providing good product knowledge to the customers by advertizing on search engines, T. V. as they have a very good brand image. Using this brand image they are continuously coming up with new ideas and products and attracting the customers. Apple has got a very good response rate as many of the customers are looking for new designs and innovative products which Apple is successfully delivering. . 4 Psychographic bases (lifestyle, values, personality) Looking into Apple the psychographic market segment is successful because they are developing products on the lifestyle of the people such as Mac book for the younger generation. Apple having a very good brand image has very good value for its products as they are different and innovative. Loo king into the personality (style) sector Apple is providing their products with different colors for the people who like fancy colors. MARKETING MIX Marketing mix is the combination of the product, the price, place and promotion. These are popularly known as Four Ps. When the marketing condition like political, social, economic, and technological factors change even the marketing mix has to be changed. The four Ps are listed as below: 3. 1 Product: Apple is committed to sell original, good looking products that have an easy-to-use interface. The company offers a range of personal computing products, related devices and various third party hardware-products. In addition, the company offers software products (Mac OS X), server software and related solution; professional application software; and consumer, education and business oriented application software. Apple has been very innovative by finding new usages for its Mac computer, such as desktop publishing and strong graphics/animation capabilities. The Mac functionality for managing multimedia files from cameras, DV recorder and MP3 devices has been very popular and successful. 3. 2 Price: Apple price is known to be above average in the industry. The company is using a differentiation strategy and focuses more on innovation, and quality. This strategy is justifying their premium prices. Lately, however, their new technology and their high cash flow allowed them to lower their price and to offer more discount to certain markets such as the education market. This new pricing strategy may help Apple to compete better with the non-Mac user market but might cause some issue with the brand image/recognition. 3. 3 Place: Apple’s operating segments are comprised of: U. S. South America Europe Japan Australia. Recently Apple chose to implement a vertical growth strategy and began expanding their own retail stores. The company also sells its product via third-parties dealers, or via internet through their own website or through the iTunes online music stores. 3. 4 Promotions: The best in the Apple Mac is that songs can be played only from iTunes and hence Apple In 2003, formed a strategic alliance with PepsiCo. The Pepsi iTunes music promotion calls for people to use the winning code found under the Pepsi’s bottle caps products to redeem songs from Apple’s iTunes music Store. This promotion has already been successful for both companies and increased the awareness of the iTunes presence in the market. In 2003, Apple also announced marketing partnerships With America Online that are aimed at driving iTunes use deeply into the mainstream. Apple computers could play a song only from the iTunes. Apple and America Online have agreed to put iTunes â€Å"buy this song† buttons next to every song that’s listed in AOL’s music service, which its 25 million subscribers can access. Clicking the button will automatically launch the iTunes music jukebox and begin downloading the song; billing will be handled through the customer’s existing arrangement with AOL. Apple has a joint venture with Hewlett Packard. Apple has produced an iPod for PC users and the success of this product was a good way for the company to capture non-MAC users. The company’ also drew on endorsements from music stars. In 2005, Apple Computer has initiated a partnership with Wal-Mart that saw the iPod shuffle featured at Wal-Mart discount locations around the country. Read more: http://www. ukessays. com/essays/marketing/analysis-segmentation-and-marketing-mix-of-apple-marketing-essay. php#ixzz2QZbbQKIn How to cite Analyst Apple 4ps, Papers

Studies in Educational Evaluation

Question: Describe the critical review on studies in educational evaluation? Answer: The main aim of this paper is to critically analyze the journal article Aligning formative and summative assessments: A collaborative action research challenging teacher conceptions by Marjan van der Wel, Renate Wesselink, Harm J.A Biemans, and Judith T.M Gulikers. The journal article was published on 20th march 2013 (Gulikers, Biemans, Wesselink and van der Wel, 2013). This research mainly deals with changing assessment concepts being developed by teachers towards changes in the curriculum concepts and also focuses on the facts that how they conceptualize and develop to implement such practices. Todays challenging teachers are aligning to the new outcome based assessment system. Critical analysis of issue and evaluation: The methods that were used to critically assess the outcome were based on the theory of National Summative Assessment Framework (Embretson, 2010). This highlighted that a curriculum should be followed which has a set of defined competency profiles that can provide with outcome results. Therefore it was criticized that this process had a very standardized approach and focused mainly on lower levels functioning and formulating assessment practices as well. In this method all teachers developed their own ways and means of evaluating assessments. There were no strict guidelines to be followed. But now it is suggested that to use collaborative action research so that teachers can develop them and translate theory into practical use. The previous assessment technique involved no educational innovations related to developing their own theoretical considerations. But this method has a broader aspect and caters to structural collaboration with assessment practices (Mui Lim and Rodger, 2010. In the article, some qualitative data has been gathered and analysis is conducted on the basis of those qualitative data. So the research is more subjective in nature. But it is also evident that the research process has been effective in evaluating the main aim of the research to some extent. But there has been some limitations like it did not answer whether the conceptions of the teacher actually changed. Here the ethical issue can be faced in terms of written consent of the participants in the study. It can be inferred from the research that this extensive study required an ordered structural guideline in order to process the assessment and evaluation part. It will be beneficial if the teachers can align the formative assessments along with their own conceptions that they develop in their own minds. This will throw a light on the broader management aspects as well. References: Embretson, S. (2010). Cognitively Based Assessment and the Integration of Summative and Formative Assessments.Measurement: Interdisciplinary Research Perspective, 8(4), pp.180-184. Gulikers, J., Biemans, H., Wesselink, R. and van der Wel, M. (2013). Aligning formative and summative assessments: A collaborative action research challenging teacher conceptions.Studies in Educational Evaluation, 39(2), pp.116-124. Mui Lim, S. and Rodger, S. (2010). The use of interactive formative assessments with first-year occupational therapy students.Int J Therapy Rehab, 17(11), pp.576-586.

Studies in Educational Evaluation

Question: Describe the critical review on studies in educational evaluation? Answer: The main aim of this paper is to critically analyze the journal article Aligning formative and summative assessments: A collaborative action research challenging teacher conceptions by Marjan van der Wel, Renate Wesselink, Harm J.A Biemans, and Judith T.M Gulikers. The journal article was published on 20th march 2013 (Gulikers, Biemans, Wesselink and van der Wel, 2013). This research mainly deals with changing assessment concepts being developed by teachers towards changes in the curriculum concepts and also focuses on the facts that how they conceptualize and develop to implement such practices. Todays challenging teachers are aligning to the new outcome based assessment system. Critical analysis of issue and evaluation: The methods that were used to critically assess the outcome were based on the theory of National Summative Assessment Framework (Embretson, 2010). This highlighted that a curriculum should be followed which has a set of defined competency profiles that can provide with outcome results. Therefore it was criticized that this process had a very standardized approach and focused mainly on lower levels functioning and formulating assessment practices as well. In this method all teachers developed their own ways and means of evaluating assessments. There were no strict guidelines to be followed. But now it is suggested that to use collaborative action research so that teachers can develop them and translate theory into practical use. The previous assessment technique involved no educational innovations related to developing their own theoretical considerations. But this method has a broader aspect and caters to structural collaboration with assessment practices (Mui Lim and Rodger, 2010. In the article, some qualitative data has been gathered and analysis is conducted on the basis of those qualitative data. So the research is more subjective in nature. But it is also evident that the research process has been effective in evaluating the main aim of the research to some extent. But there has been some limitations like it did not answer whether the conceptions of the teacher actually changed. Here the ethical issue can be faced in terms of written consent of the participants in the study. It can be inferred from the research that this extensive study required an ordered structural guideline in order to process the assessment and evaluation part. It will be beneficial if the teachers can align the formative assessments along with their own conceptions that they develop in their own minds. This will throw a light on the broader management aspects as well. References: Embretson, S. (2010). Cognitively Based Assessment and the Integration of Summative and Formative Assessments.Measurement: Interdisciplinary Research Perspective, 8(4), pp.180-184. Gulikers, J., Biemans, H., Wesselink, R. and van der Wel, M. (2013). Aligning formative and summative assessments: A collaborative action research challenging teacher conceptions.Studies in Educational Evaluation, 39(2), pp.116-124. Mui Lim, S. and Rodger, S. (2010). The use of interactive formative assessments with first-year occupational therapy students.Int J Therapy Rehab, 17(11), pp.576-586.

Strategic Management The Commercial Airline Industry

Important micro influences of the commercial airline industry The PESTLE analysis tool is relevant for presenting influences for the airline industry. Political factors have had a major role in influencing growth. For example, many countries have considered a national commercial airline as part of the national pride, and this has translated to the government’s willingness to support such airlines to show a country’s competitiveness. Economic factors have also played a role in ensuring there is a growing business for the airline.Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Strategic Management: The Commercial Airline Industry specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More More than 3 billion people who fly annually do so because their incomes or their companies’ incomes support air travel choices. On the other hand, growth in capital availability through the development of markets around the world has allowed inve stors and investment groups to participate in the building of the commercial airline industry. This has happened through the sale of private airlines to the public, allowing more companies to tap into the freely available capital from people’s savings (Basignani 2011). The third factor is the social, where people have come to change mindsets about flying. In the past, flying was a privileged activity for the well-endowed people in society. The division of commercial flying into different classes like the economy, business, and first class ensures that even the most cost-sensitive customer can afford a flight in most cases. Low-cost budget airlines have also eased the pressure of flying, and they have transformed it into a means of travel as ordinary as bus transport. Technological factors have also created a micro influence in the industry. For example, internet booking has made airlines friendlier and responsive to customer needs, which has promoted customer loyalty. Another technological trend is the use of social media for marketing, which has helped the management of commercial airlines to collect customer intelligence inexpensively for improvement of service delivery (Basignani 2011). Legal factors that have an influence on airlines’ operations include the bilateral agreements between countries, the immigration laws on the movement of labor, and the protection of business interests in different countries to allow commercial airlines to have more than one operation base for serving their customers. The developments are not very significant; they influence the opportunities and risks of the airline industry based on a collective scale (Basignani 2011). Lastly, environmental factors have also had a role in shaping the current industry. As consumers continue to increase their awareness of clean travel and the impact of waste on their quality of life, they are cutting back on unnecessary travel using unclean means. The number of conscious consume rs making such choices remains low, but the trend is notable and will be a considerable opinion maker for leading industry heads (Basignani 2011). Three factors of most interest to BA CEO daily According to a report by IATA, passengers remain the core thinking of the airline business, and the BA CEO will have to think of this often (Basignani 2011). Within the passenger segment, the CEO will be considering the business segment that is the most profitable for airlines. The CEO will be looking at the cost of business travel overall and seek to position the airline to match the trends in travel. Business travelers are affected by the overall cost of doing business in a particular region and prefer to fly business class for its convenience.Advertising Looking for coursework on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Airlines have to work in partnership with hotels and tour/travel companies to facilitate smooth transfe rs of business travels when checking in and checking out of a particular destination. Thus, the cost of the auxiliary service providers that collaborate with the airline will end up affecting the competitiveness of the airline’s business package. The CEO, in this case, will be interested in ongoing partnerships at providing value added services to passengers. For destinations with a glut of business hotel rooms, airlines have an opportunity for earning high rates of profitability as the overall cost of business travel reduce for their partnership deals as is the case in the Asia-Pacific region (Baker 2015). The second factor of most interest to the CEO of BA would be the strengths and weaknesses of the company about its market conditions. In the airline industry, the main actors are customers, suppliers, potential entrants and airline rivals. The use of the Porter’s five force analysis can help to reveal the exposure of BA’s business to market threats (Why airli nes make such 2014). These threats are then featured on the strength and weakness analysis to expose the choices that the CEO has to sustain the business. BA is part of the International Airlines Group (IAG). The airline’s strengths are in its operation of the modern Airbus A380 plane in its lucrative business traveler routes. A modern fleet allows customers to enjoy comfort and has been a significant determinant of the ‘SuperBrands’ award for British Airways (British Airways Plc. 2015). The major weakness for BA has been the cost of its services to passengers. The company faces threats of substitution from low-cost airlines that offer budget travel solutions across Europe. It faces the same threats on its Atlantic route where legacy airlines are increasing their focus on the route, which increases threats of existing rivalry. At the same time, there is a threat of new entrants into the routes that BA dominates, especially in Africa and Asia. These market forces are affecting the realization of the full benefits of BA’s strength factors, which are its customer care service, its modern fleet, and safety record (British Airways Plc. 2015). Nevertheless, BA is seeking to challenge all parts of the cost base to ensure that it remain competitive and profitable at all levels and can use its strengths to minimize weaknesses and withstand market threats (Wright 2015). The third factor worth daily considerations of the CEO is the staff welfare and turnover interests at BA. Over the last five years, the company has faced strikes and strike threats from sections of its workforce. The biggest claims for striking have been paying claims that do not go well with a turbulent airline industry reports and forecasts. The company faces a challenge of keeping costs down, and it must satisfy employee demands to ensure high-quality service delivery to its customers.Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Strategic Management: The Comm ercial Airline Industry specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The biggest challenge and weakness for the company have been the use of inferior terms of employment for recently employed staffs over the existing staff in the cabin-crew section (Topham 2014). Therefore, the CEO will have to look consistently at ways of cutting overall staff costs without leading to glaring differences in employee pay that lead to employee disappointment and poor demonstration of organizational loyalty. In summing up, the CEO will duly consider passenger numbers concerning their profitability, the strengths and weakness of the company and the way they unfold against competitive market forces. Lastly, the CEO will consider staff welfare as a market for service quality and overall airline competitiveness. Reference List ‘Why airlines make such meagre profits’, 2014, The Economist. Web. Baker, M. B. 2015, 2015 corporate travel index: As Asia/Pacific demand falls short of supply, business travel costs drop. Web. Basignani, G. 2011, ‘IATA vision 2050’, Report, International Air Transport Association, Singapore. British Airways Plc. 2015, Annual reports and accounts year ended 31 December 2014. Web. Topham, G. 2014, British Airways cabin crew ready to strike over pay claim. Web.Advertising Looking for coursework on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Wright, R. 2015, Airline margins widest since mid-1960s but rivalry casts shadow. Web. This coursework on Strategic Management: The Commercial Airline Industry was written and submitted by user Wyatt Gibson to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Foreign Trade in the 90s essays

Foreign Trade in the 90s essays The advances of the technological revolution have molded the evolution of the United States foreign trade in the 1990s and into the new millennium. Globalization has become the credo for the Clinton administration, and the booming American economy has done nothing but strongly bolster this approach. Globalizations foothold in American policy really began in the much-debated North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), which was finally passed in 1994. NAFTA specifically said one of its goals was to contribute to the harmonious development and expansion of world trade and provide a catalyst to broader international cooperation. However at the time that was hardly the case. But harmonious was the last word used to describe the conflict that followed, with labor unions fiercely opposed to losing American jobs to a borderless North American economy and right wing Republicans equally opposed to the anti-isolationism this bill offered. The Democratic Clinton administration had to buck its own Democratic stronghold in Labor, to support this agreement. However, it would be one of the chief foreign trade accomplishments of the last decade. Its undoubtedly boosted the economy. Allowing expansion of trade, and decrease of trading and labor costs have made production invariably more profitable. Following the arguable success of the NAFTA the Clinton administration has continued an increase globalization of trade. Somewhat post facto adopting globalization as the chief tool for expanding Democratic ideals and American values worldwide, normalized trade relations have been sought throughout Asia and Africa as well. China specifically has been a focus of the administrations efforts. Blatantly ignoring pernicious Chinese human rights abuses in both Tibet and at home, as well as legitimate threats to national security, when American companies were permitted to sell advanced missile and satellit...

Redcuding carbon emssion on UK properties Essay

Redcuding carbon emssion on UK properties - Essay Example â€Å"The significance of historic buildings clearly encompasses the architectural and aesthetic values†¦, associations with historic people and events, examples of technological innovations, aspects of social history and links with a building’s setting and other heritage assets.† (English Heritage 2011). Due to such crucial importance historic buildings are protected and also continuous refurbishments are made to it. However, at the same time, these historic buildings may not have sustainable designs and features. That is, these buildings because of their designs and other things could make negative Carbon imprint and thereby have environment damaging features. Carbon Dioxide (CO2) is one of the key Greenhouse Gases, which has many negative effects on the environment and also human living. It is widely considered to be the main cause of global warming and other pollutions, thus forcing governments of many countries including the UK government to come up with restr iction on CO2 emissions. In the construction and property development industries, the contemporary ‘climate’ or trend is against using eco-damaging products, and go for environmentally friendly products and also sustainable designs. Due to that trend, the industry has maximally adjusted or adjusting to the demand of the people and the government agencies, by using of eco-friendly products in the construction of buildings and various other structures. Thus, the final constructed building will be â€Å"environmentally friendly† or â€Å"green† in the every sense of the word. This usage of environmentally friendly or eco-friendly products and features will not only provide positive benefits to the occupants, but also to various sections from neighbors to the whole community. However, as majority of the historic buildings do not feature these products and sustainable designs, and importantly as it is difficult to completely refurbish them with sustainable desi gns, views has emerged to bring down those environmentally problematic buildings, in order to cut down the CO2 emissions from it. Thus, this paper will first discuss about the targets and the related legislations formulated by the UK government to reduce Carbon emissions. Then, although if a historic building cannot meet government targets of reduction in carbon emission, and importantly even if it finds difficult to carry out the needed sustainable refurbishments, it should not be replaced due to certain limitations, instead certain effective strategies can be followed to refurbish in line with government legislations and regulations. Carbon dioxide is emitted in various industrial sectors from energy, mechanical to the construction industries, etc, etc., and by various objects including automobiles, various electrical and electronic appliances, etc. The commonly known fact is humans normally exhale carbon dioxide, and so if there build up of it in the human body, it can kill that person. So, the maximum carbon emission and the resultant exposure of it on humans, as well as natural environment to it, are leading to grave problems. Due to high CO2 emissions, human health is

Economics assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Economics - Assignment Example Both oligopolies and monopolies are affected by the increased production in the sense that higher production decreases the prices of products and services. The two market structures, unlike other market structures, are able to attain a monopoly on production in the specific goods or services under their copyright (Albano & Lizzeri 1997). Monopolistic markets are solely controlled by a single seller only. The seller has absolute power to influence market decisions and prices. Consumers attain limited choices, and they have to make a choice from what is being supplied at the market. Conversely, oligopoly is characterized by few sellers in the market. The market situation is friendly to consumers since it encourages competition among the sellers (Spanjers 1994). A monopolistic market gets its power from three sources: these include, legal, economic and deliberate. A monopolistic market will make into use the position it has to its advantage and completely drive out competitors. It can achieve this either through reducing prices to such levels that existence for another firm may become nearly impossible or through virtue of economic situations like large capital requirements when starting companies. Though an oligopolistic market situation does not have sources of power, it, however comes into existence merely due to the accommodating character of other sellers already in the market (Spanjers 1994). A monopolistic market might quote very high prices because of nonexistence of other competitors. The monopolistic sellers will make use of their status of dominance in the market and maximize their profits. Oligopolistic markets, on the other hand, ensure competition in the market hence fairer prices for the consumers (Spanjers 1994). These are regulations that are put into place to prevent entrance of firms into the market. Barriers to entry into

Revenues and Fair Values Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Revenues and Fair Values - Assignment Example Question 1, Part I: Outline the key requirements of IAS 18 Revenues IAS 18 prescribes the accounting treatment for revenue arising from certain types of transactions and events. It defines revenue as the gross inflow of economic benefits, such as cash, receivables, and other assets, arising from the ordinary operating activities of an enterprise, such as sales of goods or services, interest, royalties, and dividends (IAS 18 Â §7). Revenues are different from gains, a type of income which also represent increases in economic benefits but may not arise in the course of the ordinary activities of an enterprise. The key requirements of IAS 18 are reliability, recognition, and measurement of revenue. Revenue should be measured at the fair value of the consideration receivable (IAS 18 Â §9). An exchange for goods or services of a similar nature and value is not regarded as a transaction that generates revenue, which only applies to exchanges of dissimilar items (IAS 18 Â §12). IAS 18 has the following basic principles to guide accountants on the timing of revenue recognition: ï‚ § Significant risks and/or rewards of ownership are transferred to the buyer; ï‚ § No continuing involvement nor control associated with ownership; ï‚ § Amount of revenue can be measured reliably;

Analysis of organization British airways

Analysis of organization British airways The details about the organization overview and organization process of the British airways. First it look at the company profile and history of the organization including organization chart to give overview of the organization it focus on the organization process like (1) changes within the organization (2) organizational culture (3) Recruitment, Training, Job placement and promotion policy. How these process are related and affected to each other. Finally, it will give recommendations for the organizations to deal with organizational process in future. Company profile: British Airways is the UKs largest international scheduled airways, which provides international domestic services for cargo and cargo. British airways which are approximately compromise 150 destinations in 75 countries. It includes Asia, Africa, North and Eastern Europe (plus the Eastern Mediterrean), Western Europe, North America, Central and Latin America (plus Sweden). The head quarter of the British airways is located in London. Gatwick airport and London Heathrow airport is the main hubs for British airways. British airways had more than 280 aircrafts, which is mainly for boeing jets and Airbus and it has more than 40,000 employees to work for a company (Hoovers 2006). Organizational chart: The structure of the organization is fat type because it has one level of hierarchy that separates the directors at top from bottom line employees. (Buchanan D. Huczynski A., 2004). Mr. Willaiam and M. Walsh is the head of the company, presently he are working as a chief executive. The British airways organization departments are includes planning, Engineering, Flight operation, Investment and Alliances, IT, Law, Finance, HR, Ground operations. History of British airways: British airways and imperial airline are merged together at the beginning of Second World War. The two airlines formed new subsidy companies. This is British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC) to operate short haul service in Europe (Papadogiannis, 2006). In 1980 British airways ran in the financial problems and Sir John King (CEO) was appointed to handle privatization and it was succeeded in 1987. (Datamonitor 2005). Objectives of British airways: Like all the business one of their first main objectives was to maximizing profits. However after September 11th they had to change their aim to having an increasingly in security and they needed to keep their customers safe. Objectives to increase profit by the end of the tax year 2009: A British airway is planning to increase profit by the end of the tax year 2009 than the last year profit. The last year profit was  £694 million. Annual reports of 2006/2007 shows that they had 148.3 million customers are within the UK. They need to monitor regularly the customers amount that they fly with them. Perhaps giving such as offerings on certain flights to increase their promotions. Changes within the organizations: The factors of the organizational change can be categorized into two factors. (1) External trigger and (2) Internal trigger. The first factor External trigger is innovations of competitors, requirements, and changes in customers, government policies and legislations. The second factor is Internal trigger it includes appointment of a new senior manager, new product and service design innovations, new ideas about how to deliver services to customers. (Buchanan D. Huczynski A., 2004). By the external and internal trigger have impacts on British airways, the company is responded by initiating privatization program to change ownership from government to private sector. According to Lewins change, changes within the organizations will occur in 3 stages. The first stage is unfreezing. The second stage is Movement to develop new behavior. And the third stage is Refreezing which is stabilizing change at the new level (Mullins, J., L., 1999) Human Resource Management policies in world airline industry: For the past 15 years there has been undergoing the research on the human resource policies and competencies differentiating the business performance. Companies are looking for the ways to gain a competitive advantages and the implication of human resource policy choices for companies performance is certainly to the key factor recently researches of the business strategy turned their attention into international attributes of the top companies looking at the industry is likely to evolve; and the way how that the evolution can be exploited to earn a profit. The greater and the extent to which of these assumptions and hypothesis are reflects accurately. The international airline and hypothesis is currently following with the similar trends. HRM policies in British airways: Human resource management policies are followed by the British airways in 1980s before and after privatization by the British government. When the British airways are in public ownership it had been unprofitable in the financial year of 1981/82 and it suffered in a severe financial loss. Following the market research showing that the airlines passengers were dissatisfied with its service. In 1982 British airways launched on extensive campaign called putting people first for all of 12000 staffs who had direct contact with customers. Up to 150 staffs at a time from baggage handlers to engineers and pilots took a part in servicing customers and later the campaign were extended so that eventually all of British airways staffs attended one of the events. Customers first teams were set up to look at the ways to improving customer service. Memberships of the team cuts across to the organizational boundaries with staff from different sections are working together for the ten years later 75 of the teams were still actively working. On 1990s British airways had come to focus on key performance indicators as a principle tool for managing staff. These were six such indicators for its managers: leaderships, communication business competence, managing performance, valuing others and customer focus. These are the basis of decisions about the manager selection pay and performance management. Further market research shows that the customers satisfaction with the quality of British airways service has increased. Since British airways moved to spectacular profit from financial loss over the period when these initiatives took place (in 1995 February recorded profits reported of  £443 million with total passenger of 23.7 million, and it had 65600 staffs are early 2000). The human resource initiation of its financial success has been partly attributed. However it should be noted that some of the problems are lingered. In common with all the airlines are operating to the transatlantic routes of the attack on the world trade center in September 2001. Despite in Human resource management initiatives of a staff survey in 1992 shows that the staff rates British airways poorly as the employer for sustaining a work environment that attracts develops committed employees and retains. British airways also lost a damaging strike following an attempt to impose a new pay deal on its staf f without negotiation in the mid of 1997. British airways Raises Retirement Age: On 24th march 2006, British airways change its New Aircrafts Pension Scheme (NAPS). For the recent joiners, including chief executive Willie Walsh who joined in 2005 May, British airways Retirement Plan (BARP) has been available. The New Airways Pension Scheme (NAPS) has 33,794 active members, 15,185 pensions and 20,269 deferred. There is no increase in staff contribution values for the final salary pension scheme in British airways earned. But, there will be the changes under the new proposals to members benefits relating to future service. Key changes to future services are: For cabin crew members normal retirement age raised from 55 to 60 years initially. For pilots normal retirement age raises from 55 to 60-65 years. Such countries like USA and France remove the restriction on older pilots overflying them. Pensionable pay increases not more than the inflation. On retirement capped pension increases every year at 2.5 percent. Chief executive Mr. Willie Walsh said, this is the solution that will provide for the future affordable pensions. The airline will make a payment of  £ 500 million into fund after the changes accepted. The company will have paid towards the past deficit by December 2006 on top of the  £ 350 million. Mr. Walsh added: The future benefits are changes to members will reduce the anticipated deficit by the  £ 480 million. And also they may able to make contributions for future service can afford. British airways cut management jobs: On 30th November 2005- British airways announced plans to re-structure the business on March 2008 by cut 35% (357). This includes: Reduction of 50% from 414 jobs to 207 on senior managers. And reduction of 30% from 1,301 to 911 on middle level management jobs. British airways chief executive Willie Walsh said that when we reported our second quarter financial results last month that our costs were needed to re-energies our efforts to deliver a competitive cost base. The management job reductions are intended to reduce British airways costs by  £ 50 million as part of its  £ 300 million to cost reduction program on 2007 march. The number of senior manager reduction will be phased: 23% (94) of top executives left the business on 31st March 2006. After the next two years more jobs go with the 50% target to achieve on 2008 March. On March 2006 30% reduction in middle manager should be developed and communicated. British airways are going to cut jobs for cabin crew and introduce two year freeze pay. British airways were lost  £ 401 million last year and they announce earlier last month that they would need to cut 2,000 full time jobs. During the recession the British airways instead press ahead with plans to recruit news staffs on different terms and conditions to the current employees in an attempt to save costs. On 25th June 2009, British airways announced almost 7,000 British airways staffs has volunteered to take unpaid leave, voluntary pay or part time working cuts as part of companys plans to cut costs. British airways chief executive Willie Walsh said, It is a fantastic first response. I want to thank everyone who has volunteered to help us to pull through this difficult period. Walsh himself has agreed to not to take salary during the July month. The latest news of the British airways is British airways staffs are unwillingly agreed to work in new schedules with reduced staffed pending. British airways are presently battle with the unions over changes to jabs and pay. They want to cut cabin crew staffs on long-haul flights from 15 to 14, this changes imposed from 16th of November. Privatization in British airways: A British airway has a change within its organization which is privatization project in 1980s. The company faced the financial problem at that time. The long term debt which is more than  £ 1 billion, and the British government not willing to give public money to wipe out companys debt because of the criticism fear. Then for these reasons British airways decided to make changes within the organization. (Shibata, K., 1993). This privatization made the British airways to change many things in the organization such as mission statement, corporate culture, and organizational structure and so on. Retirement, Training, Job placement, Promotion policy: British airways were considered to be bureaucratic, awkward, inefficient and large in the past. According to privatization, it changed corporate culture from militaristic and bureaucratic to market-driven and service oriented which it made the company to effective in the airline industry. (Poole, R., 1988). These changes which are also involve in HR policy as following. Recruitment, job placement policy: Recruitment and job placement policy are involved in Refreezing stage to Lewins model. According to the stage, British airways have to stabilize the changes and make the behavioral pattern in the organization. British airways needed improve and redesign the recruitment policy and the process in order to increase the new employees who is able to share organizational new value system and management style. (Goodstein., D., L., Burke, W., W., 1991). To achieving these objectives, British airways changed the job placement policy and recruitment which is supported by the diversity concept and equity to identify the right candidates to fit in a new system. Employee recruitment scheme and process: In recruitment and job placement policy, British airways developed recruitment methodology it is looking at the competencies including skills, knowledge and behavior using these competency based interviews made British airways to ensure those candidates will be in success in their jobs and they will fit in to the new organizational system. Selecting right people to work in business field, British airways needs to focus on strong leadership qualities, high motivation, team working skills, passion for customer service and so on (British airways 2006). There for, British airways developed assessment methods in job placement and recruitment process for senior level positions and new entry-level such as the interviews, presentations, role play, group exercises, fact finding psychometric tests (British airways 2006). Training and promotion policy: Privatization transformed British airways to more service airline industry that emphasize on servicing customer. According to unfreezing stage, British airways had stop to introduce new behavior and present pattern and culture of employees. So British airways launched new training program is putting people first for the bottom line employees. And for management-level-employees British airways has introduced a training program Managing people first (Goodstein., D., L., Burke., W., W., 1991). Putting people first program According to corporate goal British airways wanted to be The worlds favorite airline in airline industries. At the time of privatization British airways changed them self to be marker-led company rather than a process-driven company as it had in the past. Putting people first training program is aim to create employees awareness of competition, market place, and to educate employee to know the awareness of team work. As a result of this training program make the organization to reach goal in order to be best and most successful company in the airline industry (Street, M., 1994). Managing people first program: In the second stage of changes in British airways, they needed to bring vision of top management into his employee. For the management level of employees they were implemented during this stage was the special training program Managing people first. The module of the special training program includes support team, training, active senior management participation, multi source feedback and linked performance appraisal system. After participating the management level training program made British airways to have a new leadership to focus on servicing customer and this key factors in better customer retention and it increase more revenue (Tosti, T., D. Jackson, F., S., 2006). Employee promotion policy: British airways changed to private company successfully in 1987, because of one factor that facilitated changes in organization which is Employee promotion policy. British airways used promotion policy to top management levels to promote employee who was the role model of the new British airways values in higher level. This strategy was used to promote employees in top management levels to value in organization. (Goodstein., D., L. Burke, W., W., 1991). Organizational culture: Organizational culture is to consider each organization to how the things are doing around here because each and every organization has different values, belief and different culture. But we can easily explain about the organization culture is the collections of traditions, attitudes, policies, beliefs and values. (Mullins, 1999). Culture changes in British airways: For the organization culture is very important for setting creating tradition and organizations internal and external environments are change, an organization must adapt its present culture and in the order to survive the industry (Salama, A. Easterby-Smith, M., 1994). Recommendations: It is not easy for any organization; it is a general acceptance to make changes into structure and systems. Sometimes leads to have a resistance from its employees to make any changes in the organization. There are four reasons of resistance to organization change from employee including 1) Misunderstanding and lack of trust, 2) Low tolerance for change, 3) Contradictory assessments, 4) Parochial self-interest. (Buchanan D. Huczynski A., 2004). British airways try to change behavior both in organizational level and individuals, such as changing the management style from participative and authoritative. Sometimes new behavior or pattern makes employees to unfamiliar and awkward that it can make them to slip and reject back to the comfortable pattern instead. British airways needed to have more participation in the management decision; but it difficult decision arises; it may not be possible to get it difficult decision arises; it may not be possible to get a consensus decision. (Good stein., D., L. Burke, W., W., 1991). In the British airways history, British airways used tactics to manage resistance and conflicts mostly were HR policy such as training policy. The effective tool to educate employee is HR policy and convenience them to comply with new system. For example, to many new competitors emerged to overcome during 1990s with incumbents in the airline industry such as Easyjet and Ryanair. The CEOs of British airways declared the organization may need the second revolution. British airways tied with American airlines by sourcing new alliance to reducing labor cost in both core staff and non-core staff by recruiting newly hired employees on lower pay to replace the existing staffs, and restructuring payment system. And some of the employees felt that is unsecured and unfair on their jobs. (Wilkinson, A. Grugulis, I., 2002). Many of the organizations including British airways desire to make the changes in their organization when problem arise and they make changes successfully in the less conflict way and harmless. In the past, British airways used often HR tool such as recruitment, training policy and manpower planning to reduce assistance and facilitate changes in organization. Another way to changes in organization is change agent the change agent is a person who leads the project change by planning, researching and building business support. (Bhardwaj, M., 2003). Change agent is an external consultant that the organization hires her/him to take the responsibilities for a specific project. (Buchanan D, Huczynski A., 2004). But the internal consultants have narrow view and more bias. The external agent is another way to handle the project change effectively. Conclusion: A British airway has a long history regarding the organizational changes in the worlds leading airline industry. British airways adapt itself such as value, belief, corporate culture and company mission to improve the organizations performance because of external and internal pressure. HR policy is the most popular tool to handle and facilitate changes and resistance in the organizational. A British airway is successful in privatization in 1987; but during that time there was a strike occurred, which gave an expensive lesson to British airways in 1990s. Finally, organization to facilitate changes is to use change agent which is better to external consultants better than the internal consultants.

Graduation Speech: A New Adventure :: Graduation Speech, Commencement Address

No amount of education can completely prepare us for the world that lies ahead of us. Because it presents many unknowns, it is exciting yet at the same time frightening. I know that there are still so many things that can only be learned through experience; a challenge with which we will soon all be faced. I would like to read a letter written by a woman by the name of Avril Johannes which was published in the book "Chicken Soup For the Soul." She writes this letter to the world upon her son's and his classmates' graduation and it relates some of these same ideas. "Dear World: Our children finish school today. It's all going to be quite strange to them for a while, and I wish you would treat them kindly. They are starting out on a new adventure. It is an adventure that may include war and tragedy and sorrow. To make their way they will require a great deal of faith, love, tolerance and understanding. So world, I wish you would look after them. Take them by the hand and teach them the things they will need to know, but please, world, do it gently if you can. They will have to learn that not all people are just, that not all people are fair, and that not all people are true. But also teach them that for every villain there is a hero, that for every crooked politician there is a great and dedicated leader, and that for every enemy there is a good friend. It will take time, world, but teach them that a nickel earned is of more value than a dollar found. Teach them to lose gracefully so that they will enjoy winning that much more. Steer them away from envy, if you can, and teach them the secret of quiet laughter. Teach them to be at peace with their God. Teach them to be strong inside so they can stand the hurt of failure and keep the desire to try again until they succeed. Teach them to be gentle with gentle people, and to be tough with tough people. Teach them to follow their judgment and not the crowd. Teach them to listen to all people, but to filter all they hear through a screen of truth. Teach them to laugh when they are sad, but also teach them that there is no shame in shedding tears.

Art Deco Reproductions, Inc.: Financial Analysis

The first proposal is issuing the new shares to publics at $38, but right now the commission fee is $3, and the market price is $39, but the investment banker believe that the price will drop to $38 and the commission fee is $2 per share subscribed. To capitalize exact millions dollar, Art Deco reproductions need to issue 556,000 new shares in total. And the stock price will drop slightly. And the company need to pay the investment banker $1 , 112,000 for the commission fees. There are some advantages selling shares to public. The stock price will not drop so much, compare with others proposal.The less new shares issued, the less share dilution, and one member of the Board of Directors think this proposal will allow for greater distribution of the stock throughout the market. This proposal also has some disadvantages. The commission fees are the highest, compare with other proposal in the circumstances of all shares are subscribed. Issuing new shares to public will dilute the proport ional ownership of the company. It also will dilute the voting right of the current shareholders. It also will give much more voting right to the outsiders. Issuing shares to public might also hurt the current shareholders' loyalty.There also some potential risk the company need to face in this proposal. The first one is the fluctuations of the market price, if the market price goes down under $38, the new issue shares cannot sold and it had to decrease to the market price, and the commission fees is $2 per share, which meaner the company cannot capitalized enough money and need to issue more shares and pay more commission fees to get the millions capitalize target. The proposal 2 is the company offer rights to current shareholders and gives them at $36 per share, this price is lower than the current arrest price $39 per shares, but the commission fee will be $1. 5 per share for every share subscribed, and any remain shares will purchased by Hugh ; Company, which will charge inscrib ed share $3 per share. In this proposal, assuming all the shares subscribed. The company need to issue minimum 576,000 shares to meet the $million capitalized goal. And the company will pay $720,000 as the commission fee. And each rights worth $0. 48, when the rights was generated from the old shares, over 60% of the stock holders will be expected to sell their rights to outsiders anyways. The advantage of proposal 2 is very obviously.The high subscription price can lead to less amount of dilution of earning per shares and still give loyal stockholders a chance to keep their equity positions at a discount. It also will not harm the shareholder's interest so much, and will not dilute too much voting power to outsiders. And it will not hurt the ownership of the current stock holder and protect their rights The disadvantage of proposal 2 is very clear, the high commission fee is still the problem, and in this high offering price, the current stockholder might not have enough cash to re invest the company. There are some potential risks in this reports as well.The high risk of unfavorable market price fluctuations, and if the stock price drops to $36, the cost of flotation will go up dramatically. And it also has a risk of dilute the current shareholder's ownerships' proportion. The cheap right but high stock price might not attractive enough to the outsiders who want to invest in this company. The proposal 3 offers a right at $32 per share and the underwriting cost is 0. 25 per share, and $3 per share taken by the investment banker. In this proposal, if all the shares are subscribed, company need to issue 640,000 shares and says total $480,000 commission fees.In this proposal each right worth $1. 23 In this proposal, the advantages are lower commission fee compare with the proposal 1 and 2, and it will increase the current stockholders' loyalty if they are in the management team. And it also will protect the current stockholder's right, because they are offered be fore outsiders and don't need to pay the price of the rights to buy the shares. And it also provides an adequate margin of safety against downward market price fluctuations, protects the stockholders from the excessive equity dilution entailed in rapports 4 and 5, and give an appealing purchase discount.The disadvantage in proposal 3 is much more likely as the proposal 2, the proposal g's offer price still too high to afford, because only a small percentage of stockholders might have immediate funds available for reinvestment, and leave the large percentage of stockholders no choice but to sell their rights. The more shares issue the more earnings will be diluted. The risk is about the flotation cost will highly increase because most of investors' choice to sell their rights and it probably dilute the hardcover's ownership proportion.The proposal 4 is company offer a right to stock holder at $20 per share and the underwriting cost will be 0. Pepper share and it the cost of $3 per ea ch share if the investment banker take the remain shares. Assuming all the shares are subscribed, the company will issue 1 to meet million goal, and it needs to pay $253,250 as the commissions fees. In this proposal each right worth $4. 80. In this proposal 4, the advantage is very low offer price, compare with the proposal 1 to 3, and the low commission fees, and the low offer price will eve wide range of shareholder to reinvest it, and it keep the shareholder's loyalty.And it will attract more outside investor to buy the rights and invest the company. It will not harm the company hard-earned reputation of the company's stock price. And the proposal 4 put the stock in a popular trading range, a low enough subscribed price, a low flotation cost, and a reasonable ex-rights stock price , which will attract a wide range of investor But the disadvantage of proposal 4 also very seriously, one is it will diluted the earnings per share greatly from $2. 58 to $1. 93. T is very seriously pro blem to the big stock holder, and the market price will also goes down, which will harm the stock holder's worth if they don't exercise their rights. The risk still exists in this proposal, such as the ownership proportion dilute, voting right diluted. Proposal 5 gives shareholders rights to buy shares at $5 per shares, and there is no commission fee and all the shares will be taken. In this proposal, the company need to issue millions new shares and the value of the rights worth $19. 43. In this proposal, the advantage is very huge.Because of low share price, all the shares will e taken by the share holders. Second, there is no flotation cost, so it will save lot of money. But the advantage is very big as well. Because the lower price, the company will issue millions new shares, and we know the old outstanding shares only have millions right now, the equity, earnings per shares will be diluted greatly. The market price will be greatly drop downs as well. And the high value of right s will also challenge the stockholder's loyalty, the shareholder might sell the rights to outsiders and get this huge amount of money to invest other valuable company.

Free Essays on Erik Peterson

The problems facing Erik Peterson In this case, Erik Peterson had faced sever situation in GMCT. For example, he had not even known that to whom he should report. He thought that he should report to Jenkins directly before, but in reality, he had to report to Jeff Hardy as his supervisor. Furthermore, he could not receive any useful advices or comments from Jeff Hardy because he had not had system operating experiences ever. That made him isolated in the position and more or less, it caused system implementation to fall behind the schedule. Also one more big issue was his direct subordinate Curt Andrew. He did not have right skill for the planning aspects of the chief engineer’s job, which was in critical role in the system construction. Thus, problems Erik surrounded were so tough and challenging one. To review such situation objectively, I think there were four main issues as follows. Improper job assignment Insufficient reporting relationship with supervisor Unclear salary policy Communication gap Improper job assignment Jeff Hardy and Curt Andrews were typical case for this problem. Jeff was a director of budget and plans and he was Erik’s direct supervisor. But he did not have any sufficient skill and experience. Therefore, he could not give any advice and supports to Erik. And Curt was a chief Engineer but he had difficulties in handling the planning aspects of the chief engineer’s job. Those situations are possibly based on skill-mismatch between position and its staff. In my opinion, I think Erik is also mismatch to his position because he also had not had enough experience in system operation field before. Insufficient reporting relationship with supervisor As for reporting, Erik had tried to communicate with his supervisor Jeff Hardy many times, but he could not understand what’s going on in practice and what caused several problems in the project. Consequently, it assumed that Jenk... Free Essays on Erik Peterson Free Essays on Erik Peterson The problems facing Erik Peterson In this case, Erik Peterson had faced sever situation in GMCT. For example, he had not even known that to whom he should report. He thought that he should report to Jenkins directly before, but in reality, he had to report to Jeff Hardy as his supervisor. Furthermore, he could not receive any useful advices or comments from Jeff Hardy because he had not had system operating experiences ever. That made him isolated in the position and more or less, it caused system implementation to fall behind the schedule. Also one more big issue was his direct subordinate Curt Andrew. He did not have right skill for the planning aspects of the chief engineer’s job, which was in critical role in the system construction. Thus, problems Erik surrounded were so tough and challenging one. To review such situation objectively, I think there were four main issues as follows. Improper job assignment Insufficient reporting relationship with supervisor Unclear salary policy Communication gap Improper job assignment Jeff Hardy and Curt Andrews were typical case for this problem. Jeff was a director of budget and plans and he was Erik’s direct supervisor. But he did not have any sufficient skill and experience. Therefore, he could not give any advice and supports to Erik. And Curt was a chief Engineer but he had difficulties in handling the planning aspects of the chief engineer’s job. Those situations are possibly based on skill-mismatch between position and its staff. In my opinion, I think Erik is also mismatch to his position because he also had not had enough experience in system operation field before. Insufficient reporting relationship with supervisor As for reporting, Erik had tried to communicate with his supervisor Jeff Hardy many times, but he could not understand what’s going on in practice and what caused several problems in the project. Consequently, it assumed that Jenk...

Wofford College Admissions Data

Wofford College Admissions Data If you are interested in attending Wofford College, know that they accept about three-quarters of those who apply. Learn more about what it takes to get into this college. Founded in 1854, Wofford College is a private liberal arts college affiliated with the United Methodist Church. Located in Spartanburg, South Carolina, Woffords 170-acre campus is a designated National Historic District, and it was recently designated as the Roger Milliken Arboretum. The college has an 11 to 1 student/faculty ratio, and students can choose from 26 majors. Woffords strengths in the liberal arts and sciences earned it a chapter of the prestigious Phi Beta Kappa Honor Society. In athletics, the Wofford Terriers compete in the NCAA Division I Southern Conference. Wofford easily made my list of Top South Carolina Colleges. Will you get in if you apply to Wofford College? Calculate your chances of getting in with this free tool from Cappex. Admissions Data (2016) Percent of Applicants Admitted: 70Â  percentGPA, SAT and ACT Graph for Wofford AdmissionsTest Scores: 25th / 75th PercentileSAT Critical Reading: 520 / 630SAT Math: 530 / 640SAT Writing: - / -What these SAT numbers meanSAT comparison for South Carolina collegesSouthern Conference SAT score comparisonACT Composite: 24Â  / 29ACT English: 23 / 30ACT Math: 23 / 27ACT Writing: - / -What these ACT numbers meanACT comparison for South Carolina collegesSouthern Conference ACT score comparison Enrollment (2016) Total Enrollment: 1,683Â  (all undergraduate)Gender Breakdown: 48Â  percent Male / 52 percent Female99 percent Full-time Costs (2016-17) Tuition and Fees: $40,245Books: $1,200 (why so much?)Room and Board: $11,635Other Expenses: $2,454Total Cost: $55,534 Wofford College Financial Aid (2015-16) Percentage of New Students Receiving Aid: 92Â  percentPercentage of New Students Receiving Types of AidGrants: 91Â  percentLoans: 46 percentAverage Amount of AidGrants: $27,639Loans: $7,143 Academic Programs Most Popular Majors: Biology, Business, Finance, English, Political Science, PsychologyWhat major is right for you? Sign up to take the free My Careers and Majors Quiz at Cappex. Graduation and Retention Rates First Year Student Retention (full-time students): 86Â  percent4-Year Graduation Rate: 78 percent6-Year Graduation Rate: 80Â  percent Intercollegiate Athletic Programs Mens Sports: Football, Soccer, Track and Field, Volleyball, Cross Country, Basketball, Baseball, Golf, TennisWomens Sports: Basketball, Soccer, Golf, Tennis, Volleyball, Track and Field, Cross Country Interested in Wofford College? You Might Also Like These Schools Clemson University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphFurman University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphCollege of Charleston: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphDuke University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphCoastal Carolina University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphDavidson College: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphWake Forest University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphUniversity of South Carolina: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphElon University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphUNC Chapel Hill: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT Graph Explore Other South Carolina Colleges Anderson | Charleston Southern | Citadel | Claflin | Clemson | Coastal Carolina | College of Charleston | Columbia International | Converse | Erskine | Furman | North Greenville | Presbyterian | South Carolina State | USC Aiken | USC Beaufort | USC Columbia | USC Upstate | Winthrop Wofford College Mission Statement mission statement from https://www.wofford.edu/about/mission/ Wofford’s mission is to provide superior liberal arts education that prepares its students for extraordinary and positive contributions to society. The focus of Wofford’s mission is upon fostering commitment to excellence in character, performance, leadership, service to others and life-long learning. Data Source: National Center for Educational Statistics

Rhetorical Analysis of the Cinema I Shall Fight No More Forever Essay

Rhetorical Analysis of the Cinema I Shall Fight No More Forever - Essay Example Chief Joseph fudged and avoided his chasers for 90 days after travelling a very long errand until he eventually laid down his arm to General Nelson Miles following the total slaughter of his tribe from a five-day clash. After a long struggle, Chief Joseph decides to surrender and give a surrender speech. This surrender speech is extremely compelling, in spite of its shortness. With just a few number of words used, Chief Joseph was able to express the complete essence of a loss as likewise conveyed by the many Native peoples moved and dislocated from their abodes. He expresses ethos by the use of his modest reputation as one of the greatest leaders at the time; he epitomizes a man that is esteemed by the Native peoples. Chief Joseph's submission to General Miles signifies that incredible ability of words in demanding to ethos, pathos, and logos, his capability to enclose emotion in a group, and the correct identification of reason and audience. Chief Joseph causes the speech to become more compelling by recognizing all the varying age categories, making the in predicament influence every member of the tribe and making it a subject that menaces Native Americans all over the place. This ethos of the tribe as well as the arrangement and influence of a family likewise plays a significant part in the inclusion of pathos in his surrender speech. The movie appeals to the audience and encourages the youth to keep fighting and declaring the old people dead. Chief Joseph reminds his tribesmen that their interests and values must be protected especially for their native land. Chief Joseph uses these appeals in order to put more strength and power to his speech despite the brevity of time. He also employs descriptions of death of the other leaders to improve the essence of defeat in that these societies have lost the governance that managed every facet of their lives. Similarly, Chief Joseph utilizes the cold and deficiency of important ingredients to improve compassion to his tribe. The immobilizing cold and the dearth of blankets suggest the idea of seclusion and absence of energy and enthusiasm. The film employs various forms of language ranging from angry, sad, and confrontational. The language used is confrontational especially when Chief Joseph calls the youth to keep fighting for their interests. The language used is also sad. The unavoidable sense of defeat and misdirection is a very engulfing sensation that creates a sad language in the speech. The speech acknowledges the long struggle and the chase with people left homeless and with hunger. The sad language is still present in the film especially when Chief Joseph realizes that he has lost most of his tribesmen in the battle. The dialogue between the speaker and the audience is both logic and real. It appeals to the target audience and the feedback indicates that the message is reaching the intended audience. For example, Chief Joseph admits that he is tired and his heart is sick. Considerin g the shortness of the speech at 157 words in total, it definitely suggests the fact that he was already weary and exhausted. The phrase indicates the dialogue between the speaker and the audience. The narrator of the film is not biased in any form. The narrator presents both sides of the story and creating a balance that appeals to audience. The narrator appeals to the audience by creating suspense. The narrator has no hidden agenda that is likely to distract the audience and prevent them

Business Sustainability Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Business Sustainability - Research Paper Example To determine the extent in which the SME owners in Auburn city should support the use of modern digital infrastructure, a research interview was conducted to a total of ten (10) SME business owners in Auburn city. In line with this, the research findings show that the research interviewees are not aware of how the NBN can intervene and help them improve the quality and accessibility of their corporate websites. Despite the limitation in the research interviewees’ knowledge with regards to the use of the fixed wireless network, the next-generation satellite, and the optic fiber network, most of the research interviewees show the positive sign when it comes to supporting the use of modern digital infrastructure.   The Broadband, Communication and Digital Economy (DBCDE) is one of the Federal Government departments in Australia that has been appointed to be responsible throughout the development of its digital economy (CB Online, 2013). To increase the chances wherein the gener al public will continuously have a good experience when using digital technology, DBCDE continuously develop and enhance not only the existing digital infrastructure in Australia but also promote the facilitation of its future innovation and set up necessary regulatory framework particularly with regards to the service and use of information and communication technology (Australian Government - Department of Communications, 2013; CB Online, 2013). On the other hand, the National Broadband Network (NBN) is â€Å"the next-generation broadband network designed for Australia’s future needs† (Australian Government - Department of Broadband, Communications and Digital Economy, 2013). It means that through the business intervention of the NBN, it is possible for Australia to come up with a more reliable and faster broadband access to the local residents and the businesses.As of May 2013, NBN was able to construct an optic fiber network in Armidale, Aspley, Bacchus Marsh, Brun swick, Blacktown, Coffs Harbour, Crace, Deloraine, George Town, Gosford, Hobart, Kiama, Kingston Beach, Launceston, Midway Point, Scottsdale, Smithton, Sorell, South Morang, St Helens, Toowoomba, Townsville, Triabunna, and Willunga whereas the fixed wireless network is made available in Armidale, Ballarat, Darwin, Geraldton, Tamworth, and Toowoomba (Australian Government – Department of Broadband, Communications and Digital Economy, 2013). Unfortunately, these two (2) major digital technology infrastructures are not much readily available in Auburn city.